Uo’K 11. 124 Kbk 5ya2+81. Lat-4 Tuzuvchilar

Nazorat savollari:
1. Qaysi lotin va yunon prefikslar "orqali" biror narsa orasida bo'lish ma'nosini bildiradi?
2. Qaysi prefikslar funksiya buzilishi, ma'nosini bildiradi?
3. O'zbek tilidagi "qarshi" prefiksi lotin va yunon tilidagi qaysi prefikslarga mos keladi?
4. Endoderma, mesoderma, ektoderma so'zlaridan qaysi biri terining ichki qavati hisoblanadi?5.


Qui quaerit, repĕrit. – Qidirgan topadi.
Homo est mundi pars. – Inson - dunyoning bir qismi.

§ 4 Murakkab yasama so‘zlar. Tana va a’zolari ifodalovchinYunon-lotin dubletlari va yakka .

Maqsad: Murakkab so‘zlar yasalish qoidalarini; dublet va yakka TE minimumini; klinik terminlar o‘ziga xos xususiyatlarini bilib olish. Murakkab so‘zlarning rasmiy va sermazmun (semantik) tomonlarini tahlil qilishni; yunon-lotin dubletlarini anatomik yoki klinik terminshunoslikga mos ravishda farqlab qo‘llayolish.

Murakkab so‘zlar

Agar so‘z yasovchi negizlar ikki va undan ortiq bo‘lsa, yasama so‘z murakkab so‘z hisoblanadi. Murakkab so‘zlar ikki usulda hosil qilinadi: toza qo‘shish yoki suffiksatsiya bilan birga qo‘shish. Toza qo‘shishda so‘nggi, tayanch qismmustaqil so‘z holida ifodalanadi. Ushbu qism so‘zni grammatik jihatdan shakllantirib, ma’lum bir so‘z turkumiga mansubligini belgilaganligi uchun tayanch qism deyiladi, mas., glossopharyngeus: birinchi komponent glosso- + ikkinchi, taynach, komponent pharyngeus (I guruh sifati); rhinencephalon: birinchirhin- + ikkinchi, tanyanch, encephalon (II turlanishdagi ot).

A’zo, tana qismlarin va yuz jag’ni ifodalovchiyunon-lotin dubletlari

Yunon TE	Lotin so‘zlari	Ma’nosi
acro-, -acria (akron)	membrum, i n	tana qismining distal bo‘limi, mucha; qol- oyoq uchli
arthro- (arthron)	articulatio, onis f	bo‘g‘im
cardio-, -cardium (kardia)	cor, cordis n ostium cardiacum (PNA)	yurak yurak, kardial teshik
cheilo-, -cheilia (cheilos)	labium, i n	Lab
cheiro-, chiro-, -cheiria, -chiria (cheir)	manus, us f	qo‘l
-genia (geneion)	mentum, i n	engak
-genia (genys, genyos)	mandibula, ae f	pastki jag‘
glosso-, -glossia	lingua, ae f	til
gnatho-, -gnathia	maxilla, ae f	jag‘, yuqori jag‘
gon- (gony)	genu, us n	tizza
kephalo-, cephalo-, -cephalia (kephale)	caput, itis n	bosh
melo- (melon)	bucca, ae f	lunj
odonto-, -odontia (odus, odontos)	dens, dentis m	tish
osteo- (osteon)	os, ossis n	suyak
podo-, -podia (pus, podos)	pes, pedis m	oyoq
r(h)achi- (rhachis)	columna vertebralis	umurtqa pog‘onasi
rhino- (rhis, rhinos)	nasus, i m	burun
somato-, -soma (soma, somatos)	corpus, oris n	tana
spondylo- (spondylos)	vertebra, ae f	umurtqa
stetho- (stethos)	pectus, oris n thorax, acis m	ko‘krak ko‘krak qafasi
stomato- (stoma, stomatos)	os, oris n	og‘iz
ul-, ulo- (ulon)	gingiva, ae f	milk
urano- (uranos)	palatum, i n (durum)	tanglay (qattiq)

Tish va atrofidagi to’qimalarning anatomiyasi va gistalogiyasi

Dens, dentes	tooth [tooth]	tish, tishlar
Dens incisivus, dentes incisivi	incisor [inˈsīzər]	kurak tish, kurak tishlar
Dens caninus, dentes canini	-canine |’keɪ,naɪn|	qoziq tish, qoziq tishlar
Dentes praemalaris	| premalar |,premal’ar	kichik jag’ tish
Dentes praemalares	small molars |’smol mal’ars|	kichik jag’ tishlar
Dens molaris	painter|’peɪntər|	katta jag’ tish
Dentes molars	-painter|’peɪntər|	katta jag’ tishlar
Dens serotinus, dena sapientiae	wisdom tooth |’wɪzdəm||’tu:θ|	aql tish
Dentes serotini, dentes supientiae	wisdom tooth |’wɪzdəm||’tu:θ|	aql tishlar
Dens lacteus, dentis lactei seu deciduus, seu decidui	milk/dairy tooth	sut tish, sut tishlar, vaqtinchalik tishlar
Dens permanens	permanent tooth	doimiy tish
Dentes permanentes	permanent tooth	doimiy tishlar
Enamelum	enamel |ə’næməl|	emal
Dentinum	-dentine |’dentin|	dentin
Caementum (cementum)	- cement |sə’ment|	sement
Canaliculi dentales	-dentine |’dentin|	dentin kanalchalari
Dentinum externumdentin	gabardine |’ɡæbər,din|dentine|’dentin|	Yopqich(tashqi)
Dentinum internum	dentine |’dentin|	pulpa yoni dentini
Fibrae Thomseni	fibre [ʹfaıbə ] Toms	Toms tolalari
Fibrae Ebneri	fibre [ʹfaıbə ] Ebne	Ebner tolalari
Fibrae Korfi	fibre [ʹfaıbə ] Korf	Korf tolalari
Conona dentis	crown of a tooth|’kraʊn|	tish koronkasi
Collum dentis	cervix of the tooth |’sɝ:vɪks|	tish bo’yni
Collum dentis anatomicum	anatomical [͵ænəʹtɒmık[	anatomik
Collum dentis clinicum	clinical|’kəlɪnəkəl|	klinik
Radix dentis	roots |’ru:ts|tooth|’tu:θ|	tish ildizi
Facies dentis	surface |ʹsɜ:fıs| tooth|’tu:θ|	tish yuzasi
Contactus	contact |’kɑ: n, tækt|	tishning tutashuvchi yuzasi
Masticatoria	chewing [ˈtʃu: ɪŋ]	chaynov yuzasi
medialis	medial [medial]	o’rta (medial) yuzasi
Lateralis	-lateral [lateral]	yon
Distalis	distal [distal]	orqa
Anterior	anterior [aen’tierie]	oldingi yuzasi
Posterior	posterior [posterierie]	orqa yuzasi
Vestibularis	vestibular [vestibulier]	vestibulyar yuzasi
Palatine	palatine [palatine]	tanglay yuzasi
Lingualis	lingual [lingual]	til yuzasi
Margo incisalis	cutting [cАting]	kesuvchi yuzasi
Occulusiva	occlusive [okluзi:v]	jipslashish yuzasi
Tuberculum	hillocks [hiloks]	tish do’mboqchalari
Canalis radicis dentis	root canal tooth [rut ckenael tu:0]	tish kanali
Cavum dentis	tooth cavity [tu:0kaeviti]	tish bo’shlig’i
Apex radicis dentis	apex [eipeks]	tish ildizi uchi
Macrocanalis, microcanalis	canal [kenael]	makrokanal mikrokanal
radicis dentis	enamel peel [i’neimlpi:l]	emal kutikulasi
Cuticula adamantine	enamel prisms [i’neimlprizms]	emal prizmalari
Prismata adamantina	interglobular space[spies]	interglobulyar bo’shliq
Spatia intenglobularia	dental pulp [dental pАlp]	tish pulpasi
Pulpa dentis	coronal pulp [koronlpAlp]	koronka pulpasi
Pulpa coronalis	root pulp [ru:tpAlp]	ildiz pulpasi
Pulpa radicularis Retinaculum ligamentum	connected pulp [konectidpAlp]	tish boylami
Fibrae dentogingivales	periodontal beams [periodontal bi:mz]	tish milki tutamlari
Fibrae dentoalveolares	dentoalveolar beams [dentoalveolarbi:mz]	tish alveolyar tutamlari
Fibrae interdentales	interdental beams [interdental bi:mz]	tishlararo tutamlar
Fibrae dentoalveolares	slanting dentoalveolar beams[slAnting]	og’ma tish
Fibrae apicales	apical beams [Apiklbi:mz]	ildiz uchi tutamlari
Alveolus	alveoli tooth [alveolai tu:0]	alveola (tish uyachasi)
Lamina compacta (solida)	compact disc [compekt disk]	kompakt plastinka(zich)
Substantia spongiosa	sponge [spAdз]	g’ovaksimon moddalar
Periosteum	periosteum [periosteum]	suyak pardasi
Gingiva	gum [gAm]	milk
Processus alveolaris	alveolar bone [alveolar bo:n]	alveolar o’simta
Maxilla	maxilla [maksila]	yuqori jag’
Mandibula	mandibulla [mandibul]	pastki jag’
Corpus	jaw [jo:]	jag’ tanasi
Corpus maxillae	maxilla [maksila]	yuqori jag’ tanasi
Corpus mandibulae	mandibulla [mandibul]	pastki jag’ tanasi
Parodontium	periodontal [periodontl]	paradont
Periodontium	periosteum tooth root	tish ildizining suyak pardasi