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A lexeme is a unit of lexical meaning that underlies a set of words
that are related through inflection. It is a basic abstract unit of meaning,
a unit of morphological analysis in linguistics that roughly corresponds
to a set of forms taken by a single root- word, for ex. in English
run,
runs, ran
and
running
are forms of the same lexeme which can be
represented as
run
Semantics
is the study of meaning, reference or truth. It is the study
of meaning in language . It can be applied to entire texts or to single
words, for ex.,
destination
and
last stop
technically mean the same
thing , but we should differ their subtle shades of meaning.There are
two types of meanings: conceptual meaning and associative meaning.
The conceptual meaning of the word
sea
is something
large filled with
salt water
and so on. This meaning is clear to everyone. The
associative meaning might be pirates, shipwreck, storms and so on.
Semantics can address meaning as the levels of words, phrases,
sentences, or larger units of discourse. The following types of
semantics should be differed in linguistics:
Formal semantics
identifies domain specific mental operations
which speakers perform when they compute a sentence’s meaning on
the basis of syntactic structure.
Conceptual semantics
is an effort to
explain properties of argument structure . The assumption behind this
theory is that syntactic properties of phrases reflect the meanings of
the words that head them. With this theory , linguists can better deal
with the fact that subtle differences in word meaning correlate with
other differences in the syntactic structure that the word appears in.
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