The researcher must become familiar with the appropriate statistical procedures so that
the data can be correctly analysed to address the needs of the topic.
ANALYSIS OF QUALITATIVE DATA
The analysis of subjective data gives the researcher an alternate arrangement of systems,
which mirror the philosophical presumptions that support the objective and approach of
qualitative research. The examination of subjective information is not the same as the
quantitative data. While the analysis of quantitative
data depends on implications,
qualitative data focuses on implications communicated through
words and analysis is
conducted using conceptualisation
Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2003)
stated that the nature
of qualitative data has
implications for both its collection and its analysis. According to Hussey and Hussey (1997),
there are three related elements in the analysis of qualitative data:
• Reducing the data to condense the material in some systematic way to make it more
manageable
• Structuring data in terms
of themes, patterns and interrelationships
• Decontextualizing the data by converting extended text into more manageable forms
such as summaries, charts, diagrams and illustration.
Strategies for qualitative analysis
There are different approaches to the commencement of the process.
If the researcher
commences from a deductive position, they will seek to use existing theory to shape the
process of analysis. In contrast, if the researcher adopts an inductive approach, they will
seek
to develop a theory, which emerges from the analysis of the data.
Should the researcher adopt a deductive approach, they must first establish a theoretical
or descriptive framework that incorporates the main variables, components, themes and
issues in the study and the presumed relationship among them. This framework acts as
the means to guide the data analysis process.
The inductive strategy, in contrast, would require the researcher to collect the data and then
to explore it to see which themes or issues to follow up or concentrate on. Generally, this
is the more difficult approach requiring a high investment of time and material
and human
sources. As
Creswell (2012)
pointed out, where the researcher adapts this approach, they
must be guided by this design from the data collection till the data analysis stage. The
researcher analyses data as they collect it and develops the conceptual framework to be
used during the data analysis stage.
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