English for

Key definitions 
Organic - 
related to or originating from living things
Component - 
being a component of a bigger whole
Foundation - 
a foundation or foundations upon which anything exists
Regulation - 
a strict guideline addressing details or procedure
Equivalent - 
equal in force, quantity, or value
Acid - 
a substance that reacts with certain metals to produce salts and releases hydrogen ions into water
Subsequent - 
following in sequence, time, or location
Vitamins - 
an organic compound that an organism needs in little amounts as a micronutrient for the normal 
operation of its metabolism
Genetic - 
relating to or affecting how something was created, evolved, or determined by its cause
Protein - 
a structure composed of amino acids
Exercise 1
: Match the chemical formulae with their names. 
Formula 
Name 
C
oxygen 
CO
2
water 
O
carbon dioxide 
H
2
O 
n
itrogen
N 
carbohydrate 
Exercise 2: 
Use the words below to finish the text. 
How does photosynthesis work? 
sunlight 
chloroplast 
10
Fowler, S., Roush, R. & Wise, J. (2017) 
Concepts in Biology, 
Chapter 2, -Pp.49-50. OpenStax, 
https://openstax.org/details/books/concepts-biology
 

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33 
glucose 
oxygen 
photosynthesis 
water 
carbon dioxide 
chlorophyll 
The process through which plants make their own food in the presence of __________, ___________, and 
__________ is known as __________. The membrane-bound vacuole known as the __________, which is 
unique to plants, is where photosynthesis takes place. __________, a green pigment found in plants, is 
responsible for photosynthesis. The reaction between solar energy, atmospheric carbon dioxide, and water 
taken up by the roots creates the ___________ that plants require to exist. __________ is a gas that is released 
into the atmosphere for use by both animals and people.