A R A S T U F A L S A F A S I
( i m k o n i y a t i n i ) q a n d a y c h e g a r a l a s h m u m k i n ? A g a r n iy a t
( x o h i s h ) va e r k i n t a n l a s h o d a m g a xos b o ‘lsa, u l a r ta b ia t
b e r g a n b a d a n va h is-se z g i s o g ‘lo m iig ig a e ris h is h g a x iz m a t
q i la d im i? Balki in s o n g a ta b i a t a n xos boMgan n a r s a , n iy at va
e rk in ta n l a s h tufayli i n s o n d a m a v ju d boMgan n a r s a u c h u n
x iz m a t q ila r? Y oki t u g ' m a o d a t va n iy at b irg a lik d a , in so n
b o s h q a b ir n a rs a g a rioya qilishi u c h u n x iz m a t q ila r? In s o n
e r i s h g a n e n g y u k s a k k a m o l a t , t a b i a t a t o q i l g a n k a m o l a t
d a r a ja s in in g o ‘z i m i yoki u n g a y e ta rli d a r a ja d a g i ( k a m o l a t )
e m a s m i ? I n s o n e r is h g a n b a r k a m o l l i k , n iy at va e r k i n ta n lo v
n a t i j a s i m i y o k i u l a r va y a n a , t u g ‘m a , t a b iiy o d a t tu fa y li
e r is h ilg a n , u n i n g m o h i y a t i g a b o i s b a r k a m o l l i k m i yoki b u
b a r k a m o l l i k b o s h q a b ir a l o h i d a s ifa td a n a m o y o n boM adim i?
Qisqasi, in s o n n in g e n g yuksak b a rk a m o llig i boMgan m a q s a d
o ‘zi n im alig in i bilish k e ra k boMadi. Bu e n g y u k sa k b a r k a m o llik
in so n iy m o h i y a t m i y o x u d in s o n asl m o h iy a tig a ega boM gandan
s o ‘n g p a y d o boM uvchi t a ’sir ( h a r a k a t ) m i , a n i q l a s h z a r u r .
U s h b u e n g y u k s a k b a r k a m o l l i k , in s o n g a t a b i a t a t o q ilg a n
n a r s a m i y o k i t a b i a t d a n o l i n g a n m o d d a ( m a t e r i y a ) b u
b a r k a m o l l i k u c h u n aso s va m a n b a ’ni t a y y o r la b b e r a d i m i va
u l a r n i ( a s o s , m a n b a ’l a r n i ) i n s o n o ‘z i n i n g n iy a ti va iro d a
erkinligi vositalarida a n a s h u e n g yuksak b a r k a m o llik k a erishish
u c h u n f o y d a l a n a d i m i ? O d a m n i n g b a d a n v a h i s - s e z g i
s o g M o m l i g i u n i n g ( o d a m n i n g ) m o h i y a t i n i b e l g i l o v c h i
n a r s a n i n g s o g M o m l i g i m i y o k i u l a r ( b a d a n v a h i s - s e z g i
sogM om ligi) n u q s o n l a r d a n i b o r a t m i ? B u l a r n i n g h a m m a s i
b a r c h a h a y v o n la r g a h a m ta a llu q li boMgani u c h u n b a d a n va
h is -s e z g i sogM omligi i n s o n n i n g o ‘z - o ‘z i c h a m o h i y a t kasb
etish ig a tayyo rg arlik va m a n b a boMib qoladi.
I n s o n n a rs a la r, b u y u m l a r n i bilgani tufayli in tila y o tg a n i,
h a m d a s h u b ilim g a e g a boMish b o r a s i d a faq at h a q i q a t n i bilish
b ila n c h e g a r a l a n i b q o lis h i, in s o n m o h i y a t k asb e tish ig a s a b a b
boMadigan bark am o llik u c h u n foyda keltiradim i? Yoki h a q iq atn i
bilish in so n m o h i y a t i n i n g t a ’s ir la r id a n biri boMib, u tufayli
in s o n m o h i y a t i b a r k a m o l l i k d a o ‘z i n i n g e n g y u q o ri d arajasig a
koM ariladim i?
B u s a v o lla r g a j a v o b t o p i s h u c h u n h a m , i n s o n n i n g asl
m o h i y a t i n i m a d a n i b o r a t e k a n l i g i n i , u n i n g e n g y u k s a k
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A B U N A S R F O R O B IY
b a r k a m o llig i q a n d a y , o d a m m o h i y a t kasb e tish ig a va a n a sh u
e n g yuksak b ark a m o llik k a erishishga u n in g (m o h iy a tn in g ) t a ’siri
n i m a l a r d a n i b o r a t e k a n lig in i ta h lil q ilis h g a o d a m m a j b u r
boMadi. B u n i n g u c h u n u, i n s o n n i n g o ‘z in in g q a n d a y lig in i,
insoniyligi n i m a d a lig in i, b u la r n i bilishga intilishi u c h u n (a g a r
s h u n d a y in tilish boMsa) u n i n g m avjudligi n e g a y a ra tilg a n va
n i m a d a n ib o r a t e k a n lig in i bilib o l m a s a , id ro k e t m a s a , u h o ld a
q a n d a y m a q s a d g a intilishi zarurligi m a v h u m boMib q o lad i.
A r a s t u , h a q i q i y in s o n iy fa o liy a t boMgan faoliyat ( h a r a k a t ) ,
a g a r i n s o n n i n g k o i n o t d a y aratilish i sab ab i boMgan m a q s a d
a n i q m a ’l u m boMsa, u h o l d a in so n u n i n g ( k o i n o t n i n g ) bir
q is m i ek an lig i va s h u k o i n o t b ila n b ir u m u m i y l i k n i tashkil
e tish i h a q i d a x a b a r b e ris h in i t u s h u n t i r a d i . A g a r t o ‘q u v c h i,
k o s i b va s h a h a r f u q a r o s i n i n g h a r b i r i o ‘z i n i n g n e g a
y a s h a y o tg a n in i b ilm a s a m a q s a d va m a n f a a t d arajasi m a v h u m
boMsa, h a r b ir in in g a y r i m - a y rim m a q s a d la r i h a m n o m a ’l u m
boMadi, b u x u d d i, a g a r b o M a k la rd a n ib o ra t u m u m i y a t n i n g
m a q s a d i n o m a ’l u m boMsa, u n i n g bir boM agining m a q s a d i n i
a n i q l a b b o M m a s lig ig a o ‘x s h a y d i . S h u n g a o ‘x s h a s h , t o k i
b a d a n d a g i b o s h q a a ’z o l a r o r a s id a qoM ning m o h i y a t i , m a q s a d
va fa o liy a ti n o m a ’l u m q o l a r e k a n , b i r b a r m o q n i n g h a m
m o h i y a t i , m a q s a d va faoliyati n o m a ’l u m boMib q o la v e ra d i.
Biz a w a l о b u t u n v u ju d n i n g oxirgi, e n g y u k s a k m a q s a d i n i
bilib o lis h im iz z a ru r. S h u n d a y qilib v o q e lik la r u m u m l a s h m a s i ,
h a r b i r boM ag in in g m a q s a d i y o s h u b o M a k n in g o ' z i yoki
b a rc h a u m u m i y a t erishadigan soMiggi m aq sad g a sab ab boMuvchi
m u q a r a r , z a r u r iy foydali b ir n a r s a boMadi.
M u q a r r a r , in s o n k o i n o t n i n g b ir boMagi (q is m i) e k a n , va
a g a r biz u n i n g m a q s a d i n i , f a o liy a tin i, foydaliligini va ( b u t u n
b o r l i q q a m u n o s a b a t i n i n g ) d a ra ja sin i a n i q l a m o q c h i boMsak,
b iz a w a l о b u t u n k o i n o t d a n kelib c h i q a d i g a n m a q s a d ni bilib
o li s h i m i z z a r u r boMardi. S h u n d a b izga, b u t u n k o i n o t m a q s a d i
boM gan m a q s a d g a e r i s h i s h d a , s h u k o i n o t n i n g b i r boMagi
boM ishim iz z aru rlig i r a v s h a n boMar e d i. O d a m g a ta a llu q li
n a r s a n i bilish u c h u n biz o d a m n i n g m a q s a d i n i ( u n d a n p a y d o
boMuvchi m a q s a d i n i ) va in s o n iy b a r k a m o l l i k ( n i m a ek an lig i)
ni bilishga intilishim iz zarur. B uning u c h u n biz b u tu n k o in o td a n
k elib c h i q u v c h i m a q s a d n i b ilishga m a j b u r boM amiz. A m m o
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