Grammarway 1 kitobining o’zbekcha

Last – o‘tgan,
last year-o‘tgan yili; last night-o‘tgan tunda,
last week-o‘tgan hafta…..
Ago – oldin,
two days ago- 2 kun oldin, five years ago-5 yil oldin, a month ago-1 oy oldin
Yesterday-kecha I was a student last year.
In the past-o‘tmishda They were students last year. In 1972- 1972-yilda


ESLATMA! There was/ There were ni mavjud bo‘lgan narsa haqida gapirganimizda ifodalasak, It was/They were ni esa oldingi gapda aytgan narsa haqida gapirganimizda foydalanamiz.
Masalan, There was a bag in the room. It was mine
There were some chocolate on the table.
They were expensive.


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Had – have/has, have got, has got fe’lining o‘tgan zamon shakli hisoblanadi. Had bor bo‘lmoq ma’nosidan tashqari ot bi- lan birga kelib boshqa ma’nolar ifodalaydi. Had ishtirok etgan gaplar o‘tgan zamon (Past simple) da quyidagicha yasaladi.

Have Has Have got Has got

S+ had

Bo‘lishli shakl

Had

I had a book last night. O‘tgan tunda menda bitta kitob bor edi.
She had breakfast in the morning. U(qiz/ayol) ertalab nonushta qildi.

Inkor shakl



S+did not+have
I did not have a book last night. She didn’t have breakfast in the morning.

Umumiy savol shakli



Did+S+have…?
Did I have a book last night? Yes, I did. No, I did not.
Did she have breakfast in the
morning?
Yes, she did. No, she didn’t
There was/ There were ni mavjud bo‘lgan narsa haqida gapirganimizda ifodalasak,
It was/They were ni esa oldingi gapda aytgan narsa haqida gapirganimizda foydalanamiz.

Masalan,

There was a bag in the room. It was mine.
There were some chocolate on the table. They were expensive.
To‘g‘ri va noto‘g‘ri fe’llar
Ingliz tilida -d, -ed va -ied qo‘shimchalaridan birini olib
o‘tgan zamon shakli yasaladigan fe’llar to‘g‘ri fe’llar deyiladi.

1. 
   Verb+d
   

dance-danced close-closed live-lived hate-hated

2. 
   Verb+ed
   

Work-worked Stay-stayed Show-showed open-opened

3. 
   Verb+ied Bunda fe’lning oxirgi harfi y bilan tugab undan oldin undosh harf kelsa, -y tushib –ied qo‘shiladi.
   

tidy-tidied cry-cried hurry-hurried notify-notified


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4. 
   Oxirgi bo‘g‘inidagi unli harf urg‘u oladigan fe’llarda
   

oxirgi harf ikkilanadi va –ed qo‘shiladi.
Masalan,
Stop-stopped drop-dropped
Plan-planned rob-robbed Istisno: visit-visited


-harfi bilan tugaydigan fe’llarda ham l ikkilanadi va -ed
qo‘shiladi.
Travel-travelled quarrel-quarelled
Qadrli o‘rganuvchi, siz keyingi mavzuda qiylanmasligin- giz uchun quyidagi faol ishlatiladigan noto‘g‘ri fe’llarni tarjimalari bilan birga yod olishingiz zarur!

Active irregular verbs/ Faol noto‘g‘ri fe’llar

1.	Be	was/were	Been	bo‘lmoq
2	Begin	Began	Begun	boshlamoq
3.	Become	Became	Become	bo‘lmoq
4.	Bite	Bit	Bitten	tishlamoq
5.	Build	Built	Built	qurmoq
6.	Blow	Blew	Blown	esmoq, puflamoq
7.	Break	Broke	Broken	sinmoq, buzmoq
8.	Bring	Brought	Brought	olib kelmoq
9.	Buy	Bought	Bought	sotib olmoq
10.	Come	Came	Come	kelmoq
11.	Catch	Caught	Caught	ulgurmoq,tutmoq
12.	Choose	Chose	Chosen	tanlamoq
13	Cut	Cut	Cut	kesmoq

14.	Dig	Dug	Dug	kovlamoq
15.	Do	Did	Done	bajarmoq
16.	Draw	Drew	Drawn	chizmoq
17.	Dream	dreamt/ dreamed	dreamt/ dreamed	hayol surmoq
18.	Drink	Drank	Drunk	ichmoq
19.	Drive	drove	Driven	mashina hayda- moq
20.	Eat	ate	Eaten	yemoq
21.	Fall	fell	Fallen	yiqilib tushmoq
22.	Feed	fed	Fed	boqmoq,
23.	Feel	Felt	Felt	his qilmoq
24.	Fight	fought	Fought	kurashmoq
25.	Find	found	Found	topmoq
26.	Fit	fit/fitted	fit/fitted	mos kelmoq
27.	Fly	Flew	Flown	uchmoq
28.	Forbid	forbade/ forbad	Forbidden	taqiqlamoq
29.	Forget	forgot	Forgotten	unutmoq
30.	Forgive	forgave	Forgiven	kechirmoq
31.	Freeze	froze	Frozen	muzlamoq
32.	Get	Got	got/gotten	olmoq, bo‘lmoq
33.	Give	gave	Given	bermoq
34.	Go	went	Gone	bormoq
35.	Grow	grew	Grown	o‘smoq
36.	Have	Had	Had	bor bo‘lmoq
37.	Hear	heard	Heard	eshitmoq
38.	Hide	Hid	Hidden	berkitmoq

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39.	Hit	Hit	Hit	urmoq/urilmoq
40.	Hold	held	Held	ushlamoq
41.	Hurt	hurt	Hurt	jarohat olmoq
42.	Keep	kept	Kept	saqlamoq
43.	Know	knew	Known	bilmoq, tanimoq
44.	Lean	leant/ leaned	leant/ leaned	o‘rganmoq
45.	Leave	Left	Left	tark etmoq
46.	Let	Let	Let	ruxsat bermoq
47.	Lie	Lay	Lain	yotmoq
48.	Lose	Lost	Lost	yo‘qotmoq
49.	Make	made	Made	yasamoq
50.	Mean	meant	Meant	anglatmoq
51	Meet	met	Met	uchrashmoq
52.	Pay	paid	Paid	to‘lamaoq
53.	Put	Put	Put	qo‘ymoq
54.	Read	read	Read	o‘qimoq
55.	Ride	rode	Ridden	minmoq
56.	Run	Ran	Run	yugurmoq
57.	Say	Said	Said	aytmoq
58.	See	Saw	Seen	ko‘rmoq
59.	Sell	Sold	Sold	sotmoq
60.	Send	sent	Sent	jo‘natmoq
61.	Speak	spoke	Spoken	gapirmoq
62.	Stand	stood	Stood	turmoq
63.	spend	spent	Spent	o‘tkazmoq
64.	sleep	slept	Slept	uxlamoq

65.	steal	stole	Stolen	o‘g‘irlamoq
66.	swim	swam	Swum	suzmoq
67.	take	took	Taken	olmoq
68.	teach	taught	Taught	o‘rgatmoq
69.	tell	Told	Told	aytmoq
70.	throw	threw	Thrown	tashlab yubormoq
71.	under- stand	understood	under- stood	tushunmoq
72.	wake	woke	Woken	uyg‘onmoq
73.	wear	wore	Worn	kiymoq
74.	win	won	Won	g‘alaba qozonmoq
75.	write	wrote	Written	yozmoq

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