Lesson - 20
CONTROLLING
20.0 OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this lesson are you are able to know -
* the concept of Controlling
* the process of Controlling
* essentials of Effective Controlling
* management by exception
Structure
20.1
Introduction
20.2
Meaning of Controlling
20.3
Characteristics of Controlling
20.4
Nature of Controlling
20.5
Process of Controlling
20.6
Importance of Controlling
20.7
Requisites of a good Controlling System
20.8
Supervision
20.9
Types of Supervision
20.10 Management by Exception
20.11 Summary
20.12 Key Words
20.13 Self - Assessment Questions
20.14 Reference Books
20.1 INTRODUCTION
Controlling is the last managerial function. It is one of the two inseparable functions in
management being Planning and Controlling. These two functions are inseperable as planning
doesn’t meet its purpose without controlling, while controlling can’t achieve its goal without the
assistance of planning and its components. So very significant managerial function is ‘controlling’
though it is the last one.
* It is making a review
* It is an investigation and audit
* It is looking back once to checkup
* It is making a comparison between two important aspects viz. actuals and standards, to find out
whether the actuals are at variance with standards (or) not.
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