Lexical Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices

Simile. Things are best of all learned by simile
V.G. Belinsky. 
Simile reveals the most essential features of an object or person and draws a 
comparison between two different things.
Such formal elements as; like, as, such as, as if, seem etc. introduce similes 
and comparison.
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We must not confuse ordinary comparison and simile as a SD. 
Comparison implies estimation of two objects which belong to one class of object. 
Its purpose is to show the features which bring these objects together; if he is like 
his mother he must be a good-looking boy.
Two human being are compared. Eshik ochilib, shop mo`ylov, go`shtdor 
yuzidan zaxar tomchilagan Mocholov bilan birga, uning kabi pochonli, yarog`-
aslaxali ikki tora zinada qaqqaydi.
The nature of simile is to compare two (or several) objects which belong to 
different class of things. Simile finds one or several features which are common to 
the objects compared: The sun was as red as ripe new blood. (J. Steinbek). Men 
seni olganimda, oftobda qurigan turshakdek butishgan, qop-qora eding. Endi 
to`lishib, tuxumdek silliq tortib ketding …, dedi Jamoliddin Nuriga.
Different features may be compared in simile: the state, actions, manners, Eg. 
My heart is like a singing bird; I crawled like a mole onto my bed; the body was 
tensed as a strong leaf spring. U quyosh nurida cho`g`dek lovillab turardi. 
Boshimdan laptarlardek uchdi ming-minglab xayol.
If we compare a simile with a metaphor we can see that a metaphor is also 
based on the similarity of two ideas, but in simile both ideas are denoted by word 
used in their direct meaning: Della’s beautiful hair fell about her ripping and 
shining like a cascade of brown water … Arbab quyning mayib bo`lganini ko`tib 
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Alemi M, Tajeddin Z (2020) Reflection and good language teachers. In: Griffiths C, Tajeddin Z (eds) Lessons 
from good language teachers. pp. 41–53 

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qaynar qozondek toshdi. In a metaphor an idea is expressed by a word used in a 
figurative meaning. Down rippled the brown cascade of her hair. (Down fell in 
ripples her hair). Shamol kuchaygan sari, dengiz chayqalar, qaynar, ko`pirar. In the 
first sentence the word “cascade” “qaynar” has retained its direct meaning, in the 
second examples it is used in a figurative meaning as a metaphor.
Similes enrich English phraseology: like a squirrel in a cage; as clear as 
crystal; to sleep like a dog; like a streak in lighting, busy as a bee, blind as a bat, 
qo`yday yuvosh, it olgan tulkiday, qutirgan bo`riday, suvga tushgan mushukday, 
muzday sovuq, bolday shirin, tulkiday ayyor, qora qarg`aday. These phraseological 
units are trite similes and have become clichés. The stylistic function of simile may 
be different: 
1) Imaginative characterization of a phenomenon.
2) To produce a humorous effect by its unexpectedness. A nice old man, 
hairless as a boiled onion. …boshi oshlangan teriday silliq, qoshlari quay tushgan 
po`stakdeksiyrak sex boshlig`i