Linqvistik tipologiya
179
Resume
Linguistic tupology (Similiarities among
languages and typology of thinking)
The researchers dealing with the origin of ancient langua-
ges succeeded in revealing the genetic similarities of these lan-
guages. While the similarity network was expanding, the areas
of kindred languages ave been determined. The determination
of language areas offers all necessary facilities for the study of
structural differences from time occurring among these areas.
There is a great interest for the study of unrelated languages in
the base of applied histocal-comparative method for identifying
genetic similarity of languages. As a result of conducted resear-
ches it has been clear that in spite of having distance among the
populated areas, there are several similar elements among un-
related languages. The composition of world language families
has been determined by investigating similarities of unrelated
languages. The existence of similar elements among unrelated
languages became the reason of theories and hypothesis on the
formation and etymology of languages.
The concept of different systems of languages is understo-
od in the meaning of unrelated languages from genetic point of
view. Although the languages of different süstems exist in sepa-
rate parts of world, one can reveal similar elements among them
from the point of their root and motivation. For example, i tis
possible to find similarity elements between Chinese, Japanese,
English, Persian, the language of American Hindus and even the
language of African trades and Turkic languages. At the theory
of “ncient language” on the emergence of languages was clai-
Mübariz Yusifov
180
med that in the ancient period there existed a “root language” on
the emergence of languages was claimed that in the ancient peri-
od there exised a “root language (proto language)” in the world,
then as a result of various expansions, migrations and crossings,
different «branches» of that root language had been formed. As
the time passed, the differentiation between separated languages
took place and some languages which are far from the initial
language continued to be formalized. On this hypothesis belie-
vable arguments are not enough grounded the composite process
about the formation of languages. İt has to be taken into account
that language belongs to human being-a component part of na-
ture. That is why i tis more reasonable to find out the emergence
of a language in coherence between human and nature. Human
being unlike animals is bron consciously capable of passing
to cognitive process. So it is impossible to consider primitive
consciousness as a. Consciousness can establisth a base when it
becomes the cognitive process. Human perceives environment
and himself with the help of his own cognitive process, trans-
forms perceptions into thinking. Only owing to cognition, lan-
guage can be developed. Withoud thinking there is no language.
The response of where the first person had appeared is known
to nobody. But it can be imagined that human generating envi-
ronment consisted of suitable locations for its accommodation
provision. These kinds of locations are not limited in the world.
Coming to the emergence of the language, it is possible to say
that, human generating at a suitable location of the world have
developed similar language elements regardless of each other
perceiving environment and himself on the basi sof similar thin-
king typology. As time passed, people and languages increased,
but the traces of primary similar elements maintained in the lan-
guages of different areas.
|