Allmark-Kent 241
Violence must claim only the smallest part of me, as much as I need to
live and to save other lives. Everything I do, from my choice of prey to my
relations with other whales, must be reflections of the higher sphere.
(167)
T
his dichotomy between ‘intelligence’ and ‘animality’
develops into one
betwe
en ‘intelligence’ and ‘violence.’ Based on his experience, it seems
inevitable that human violence would constitute the opposite of his non-violent
intelligence. From this perspective, his opposition to humans and intelligence is
not surprising.
Whilst collectively humanity is complicit in violence against animals and
the destruction of their habitats, it is undoubtedly problematic to homogenize
this. All humans are culpable to differing degrees and many of the authors here
reflect this, particularly those presenting a retrospective account of species loss.
Haig-Brown, Bodsworth, Gowdy and Baird all provide historical perspectives of
varying techniques and time periods. Bodsworth’s
scope is longest, using
archive materials to provide an account from 1772 to 1955, although the
narrative itself covers only a year or so. Apart from the tragic death of the
curlew’s mate, the thousands upon thousands of other dead curlews in the
novel are restricted to the bland numbers of the historical records. Baird’s novel
is the only other to provide such a pronounced historical perspective. Her
speculative depiction of Whitewave as a witness to the growth of the American
whaling industry is of course much more intense than Bodsworth’s
carefully
distanced perspective. In common with Grove and Gowdy, she incorporates a
limited amount of magic as a plot device, but this is restricted to the visions that
Whitewave experiences, partway between dreams and premonitions, used to
juxtapose the status of whale populations throughout history:
Visions came to him, crowding into his brain. He saw man-ships, but they
had grown incredibly vast, larger than a whole pod of whales: and they
were made not of land-weeds but of something harder and crueller,
Allmark-Kent 242
rock-solid and impenetrable, and they had huge mouths that gaped wide.
Dead whales were drawn into these mouths [...] Nothing could escape
them. Swift, hard-hulled ships raced through the sea at impossible
speeds, but no boats were lowered: the whales were
killed by lightning-
harpoons that flew through the air from th
e ships’ bows with a flash of fire
and smoke, and when struck the whales died in agony, torn apart from
within while they still lived. (196-7)
Unsurprisingly, considering her blunt and gruesome approach to achieving the
effect of defamiliarization here
, Teresa Toten’s review of the novel for the May
1999 issue of
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