Tirane 06. 06. 2010 (Rivleresimi apo rishikimi pas një viti) Titulli: astma bronkiale



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    1. Graviteti i acarimeve akute të astmës shpesh nënvlerësohet nga pacientët, nga të afërmit e tij dhe vetë mjekët. Janë identifikuar faktorë specifikë, të cilët shoqërohen me rrezikshmëri të lartë për mortalitet në astmë. Ata përfshijnë: anamnezën e pranisë së atakeve akute të rrezikshme për jetën, shtrimet brenda vitit të fundit, problemet psikosociale, intubimet për astmë, reduktimin ose ndërprerjen e terapisë mbajtëse me glukokortikoide dhe mosbashkëpunimin me terapinë e rekomanduar mjekësore.

    2. Termi “astma e paqëndrueshme” (brittle astma) përdoret ndonjëherë për të përshkruar pacientë me hiperreaktivitet bronkial dhe me një variabilitet ekstrem të obstruksionit bronkial nga dita në ditë. Këta pacientë janë veçanërisht në rrezik për acarime të papritura, të rënda dhe të rrezikshme për jetën.

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    19. Quackenboss JJ, Lebowitz MD, Krzyzanowski M. The normal range of diurnal changes in peak expiratory flow rates. Relationship to symptoms and respiratory disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991 ;143:323-30.

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    27. Ramsdale EH, Morris MM, Roberts RS, Hargreave FE. Bronchial responsiveness to methacholine in chronic bronchitis: relationship to airflow obstruction and cold air responsiveness. Thorax 1984;39:912-8.

    28. Pizzichini MM, Popov T A, Efthimiadis A, Hussack P, Evans S, Pizzichini E, et al. Spontaneous and induced sputum to measure indices of airway inflammation in asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996;154:866-9.

    29. Kharitonov S, Alving K, Barnes PJ. Exhaled and nasal nitric oxide measurements: recommendations. The European Respiratory Society Task Force. Eur Respir J 1997;10:1683-93.

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    2. Castro-Rodriguez JA, Holberg CJ, Wright AL, Martinez FD. A clinical index to define risk of asthma in young children with recurrent wheezing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162: 1403-6.

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