Tourism and recreation in the XXI century: problems and prospects

 
Keywords: 
regional development, tourism, education, ecology, technology. 
TOURISM AND RECREATION IN THE XXI CENTURY: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
3-4 May 2019
194
Baku, Azerbaijan

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Entrance 
Every region of one country does not develop at the same time. The existence of interregional 
differences depends on geographical, economic, social and cultural factors. Geographical factors, such 
as climate, underground and surface resources, transport, telecommunications, and the region's access 
to agriculture are seen as an important factor for regional development. Moving people to areas that 
are more geographically suitable for investment causes these regions faster to grow. This, in turn, 
creates inter-regional differences. Macroeconomic stability, efficient use of production factors, 
mobility in workforce, skilled labor, investment flows, competition, innovation and entrepreneurial 
activity from the economic factors affecting the region's effectiveness create the basis for the region's 
development. The difference in these factors in each region creates regional differences. As 
investment choices tend to be the most cost-effective areas for businesses, investments in richer 
regions are becoming increasingly common, which in turn increases regional disparities. Because of 
the better living standards in areas where education, health, and infrastructure are better, human 
drainage occurs in these regions, which increases regional differences. 
For this reason, some regions are developing faster in economic, social and cultural way than 
others. Therefore, there are differences in regional development both in developed countries and in 
developing countries. In the narrow sense, differences in regional development can be considered as 
differences in economic and social opportunities. The difference in economic opportunities is 
explained by the fact that people in different regions do not have the same opportunity to find job and 
earn the same real wages from same jobs. The difference in social welfare is that people in different 
regions do not have the same opportunities as health, education and cultural services. 
The development of the tourism sector plays a role as a tool for integration of the most backward 
regions into developed regions and their equal use of opportunities provided by economic growth. 
Tourism has an important place in the country's regional development policies, with a positive impact 
on national income, improving infrastructure, accelerating regional and global integration, and 
employment-enhancing features, as it enhances foreign exchange flow and foreign investment. 
However, this effect can change according to the nature of each region. Its size and tourist 
attractiveness, industry structure, geographical position, and other local labor markets can be 
considered as an important factor affecting tourism. The impact of tourism on regional development 
can produce different results in the same projects. Therefore, tourism potential of the region should be 
accurately defined, the socio-economic infrastructure, education, ecological and technological 
opportunities of the region should be taken into account.