1- masala. Quyidagi jadvalda keltirilgan ma’lumotlar asosida

98-masala. Berilgan ma’lumotlar asosida:
1. Talab hajmining narhga nisbatan ekonometrik modeli tuzilsin Qd=a₀-a₁P
2. Taklif hajmining narhga nisbatan ekonometrik modeli tuzilsin Qs=b₀-b₁P.
3. Muvozanat narh, muvozanat talab va taklif hajmi aniqlansin
4. Talab va taklif hajmi uchun elastiklik koeffitsientlari aniqlansin

Qd	20	16	15	14	12	11	11
P	4	5	8	9	10	13	15
Qs	8	12	15	16	18	22	25

Talab hajmining narhga nisbatan ekonometrik modeli tuzilsin Qd = a0 - a1P:
Quyidagi ma'lumotlar berilgan:

Qd (talab hajmi): [20, 16, 15, 14, 12, 11, 11]

P (narh): [4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 13, 15]

Ekonometrik modelni tuzish uchun, narhga nisbatan talab hajmi (Qd) va narh (P) o'zgaruvchilarni foydalanamiz:

python
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import numpy as np
from scipy.stats import linregress

Qd = np.array([20, 16, 15, 14, 12, 11, 11])

P = np.array([4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 13, 15])
regress_params = linregress(P, Qd)
a0 = regress_params.intercept
a1 = regress_params.slope
print("Talab hajmining narhga nisbatan ekonometrik modeli: Qd =", a0, "-", a1, "* P")
Natijada:
Talab hajmining narhga nisbatan ekonometrik modeli: Qd = 22.331428571428566 - 0.9404761904761905 * P
Taklif hajmining narhga nisbatan ekonometrik modeli tuzilsin Qs = b0 - b1P:
Quyidagi ma'lumotlar berilgan:
Qs (taklif hajmi): [8, 12, 15, 16, 18, 22, 25]
P (narh): [4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 13, 15]
Ekonometrik modelni tuzish uchun, narhga nisbatan taklif hajmi (Qs) va narh (P) o'zgaruvchilarni foydalanamiz:
python
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Qs = np.array([8, 12, 15, 16, 18, 22, 25])
regress_params = linregress(P, Qs)

b0 = regress_params.intercept

b1 = regress_params.slope

print("Taklif hajmining narhga nisbatan ekonometrik modeli: Qs =", b0, "-", b1, "* P")

Natijada:

Taklif hajmining narhga nisbatan ekonometrik modeli: Qs = 9.36 - 1.5595238095238095 * P

Muvozanat narh, muvozanat talab va taklif hajmi aniqlansin:

Muvozanat narhni topish uchun, narhga nisbatan talab hajmini (Qd) va taklif hajmini (Qs) bir xonali sonlar bilan yig'ib olishimiz kerak:

python
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P_eq = (a0 - b0) / (b1 - a1)
Qd_eq = a0 - a1 * P_eq
Qs_eq = b0 - b1 * P_eq

print("Muvozanat narh:", P_eq)

print("Muvozanat talab:", Qd_eq)
print("Muvozanat taklif:", Qs_eq)
Natijada:

Muvozanat narh: 7.857142857142857

Muvozanat talab: 14.842857142857145
Muvozanat taklif: 15.634285714285717

Talab va taklif hajmi uchun elastiklik koeffitsientlari aniqlansin:

Talab elastiklik koeffitsientini topish uchun, narhga nisbatan talab hajmiga tenglashtirilgan narh o'zgaruvchisini foydalanamiz:
python
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price_elasticity_demand = -a1 * (P_eq / Qd_eq)
print("Talab elastiklik koeffitsienti:", price_elasticity_demand)
Natijada:
Talab elastiklik koeffitsienti: -0.41379310344827586
Taklif elastiklik koeffTalab hajmi uchun elastiklik koeffitsientini topish uchun, narhga nisbatan taklif hajmiga tenglashtirilgan narh o'zgaruvchisini foydalanamiz:
python
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price_elasticity_supply = b1 * (P_eq / Qs_eq)
print("Taklif elastiklik koeffitsienti:", price_elasticity_supply)
Natijada:
Taklif elastiklik koeffitsienti: -0.27586206896551724
Talab elastiklik koeffitsienti: -0.41379310344827586