Ielts – writing section

Relative Pronoun –
Nisbiy olmoshlar
That – u, uniki yoki buniki
Which – qaysi, qaysiki
Who – kim, kimki
Whom – kimniki
Whose – kimniki ki



Qoida: Independent clause + subordinating conjunction +
dependent clause


Namuna:
We missed our plane because we were late
Our dog barks when she hears a noise
He left in a hurry after he got a phone call


Compound-Complex Sentence Struktura – qo’shma murakkab gap
Qo’shimcha murakkab gap tuzish tuzilmasi eng kamida ikki ta mustaqil gaplar va bir yoki undan ko’proq nomustaqil gaplarni o’z ichiga oladi.
Qoida: Independent clause + subordinating conjunction + dependent clause + coordinating
conjunction + independent clause
Namuna:
John didn’t come because he was ill so Mary was not happy
He left in a hurry after he got a phone call but he came back five minutes later.


Kerak bo’lgan sifatlar va ravishlar

Adjective (Sifat)	Adverb (ravish)
Gradual – boshqichma bosqich	Gradually – boshqichma bosqich
Moderate – mo’tadil	Moderately – mo’tadil
Modest – kamtarin	Modestly – kamtarin
Sharp – O’tkiz, keskin	Sharply – O’tkiz, keskin
Dramatic – keskin	Dramatically – keskin
Slight – ozgina	Slightly – ozgina
Steep – tik	Steeply – tik
Steady – barqaror	Steadily – barqaror
Significant – ahamiyatli	Significantly – ahamiyatli
Considerable – ahamiyatli	Considerably – ahamiyatli
Rapid – tez	Rapidly – tez
Overwhelming – haddan tashqari	Overwhelmingly – haddan tashqari
Substantial – ahamiyatli	Substantially – ahamiyatli
Enormous – kuchli	Enormously – kuchli
Somewhat – biroz	Somewhat – biroz
Fractional – biroz	Fractionally – biroz
Marginal – chegarali	Marginally – chegarali
Slight – biroz	Slightly - biroz

Kerak bo’ladigan otlar va fe’llar

Noun (Ot)	Verb (fe’l)
Variation - o'zgarish	Vary - o'zgarmoq
Decline - rad etish, pasayish	Decline - pasaymoq
Decrease – pasayish	Decrease - pasaymoq
Drop – tushish	Drop - tushib ketish
Fall – yiqilish	Fall – yiqilmoq
Peak - cho'qqi	Peak - cho'qqiga chiqmoq
Fluctuation – tebranish	Fluctuate - tebranmoq
Growth – rivojlanish	Grow - rivojlanmoq
Increase - o'sish	Increase - o'zmoq
Rise - o'sish	Rise - o'shmoq
Slump – siqilish	Slump - siqilmoq

PREPOSITIONS – PREDLOGLAR

Ko’pchilik ingliz tilida gap tuzayotganda yoki gapirayotganda old qo’shimchalardan noto’g’ri foydalanishadi. Old qo’shimchalarning asosiy vazifasi bu gap egasi va obyektining o’rtasidagi munosabatni bog’lovchi so’zlardir. Old qo’shimchalar odatda otdan (subject) yoki olmoshdan (pronoun) dan oldin keladi.

U shbu qo’llanmada siz eng ko’p ishlatiladigan old qo’shimchalar haqida to’liq ma’lumot olasiz va insho yozishda keng foydalansangiz bo’ladi. Ko’p qo’llanilgan old qo’shimchalar asosan:

Prepositions
above – tepasida	by – orqali
across – bo’ylab	down – pastida
against – qarshisida	from – dan
along – bo’ylab	in – da
among – o’rtasida	into – ichiga
around – atrofida	near – yaqinda
at – da	off – dan
before – oldin	on – da
behind – orqasida	to – ga
beloц – tagida	toward – tomonga
beneath – ostida	under – tagida
beside – yonida	upon – ustida
between – o’rtasida	with – bilan
out of – dan tashqari	within – ichida, bo’ylab

LINE GRAPH
Xozirgacha berilgan ma’lumotlarni yaxshilan o’rgangan bo’lsangiz endi ushbu insho yozish imtihonini 4 qismga bo’lish orqali oson va samarali bajarishingiz mumkin. Ushbu grafa (line graph) ga javob berish orqali o’rgangan bilimlaringizni sinab ko’ring


1 – Qism (Paraphrasing the question)
– yuqorida tushintirib o’tilganidek, ushbu qoida inshoning introduction ya’ni kirish qismidagi engi birinchi gap xisoblanadi. O’rganganingizdek, siz berilgan grafadagi topshiriqni o’z so’zlaringiz bilan gap ma’nosini o’zgartirmagan xolatda ta’riflashingiz zarur.


Namuna: Question
The chart shows the changes in three different areas of crime in Manchester city center from 2003 – 2012


For example: Paraphrased
The line graph displays alterations for burglary, car theft and robbery in the centre of Manchester between 2003 and 2012


Ko’rib turganingizdek, gap ma’no jixatdan o’zgarib ketmadi. Faqatgina grafani to’liq tushinish orqali boshqa so’zlarni ishlatgan xolda yozib chiqildi
2 – Qism – (Overview)
Agar e’tibor grafaga e’tibor bersangiz, boshqa ma’lumotlarga qaraganda ko’proq ahamiyatli bo’lgan xususiyatlar bu:

• 
  Burglary decreases dramatically.
  
• 
  Car theft increases steadily.
  
• 
  Robbery remains steady throughout the period.
  

Ya’ni

• 
  bosqinchilik jinoyati soni keskin tushib ketgan yillar davomida
  
• 
  mashina o’g’irlash jinoyati asta-sekin ko’tarilgan yillar davomida
  
• 
  o’g’rilik jinoyati yillar mobaynida barqaror xolatda bo’lgan (sezilarli o’zgarishlarsiz)
  

Endi ushbu ma’lumotlarni overview ya’ni sharhga birlashtirib ko’ramiz.
For example:
The most noticeable trend is that burglary fell dramatically over the period. Car theft fluctuated until 2008, upon which it rose steadily; whereas the number of robberies remained relatively stable between 2003 and 2012.


3 - Qism – (First Body Paragraph) va (Second Body Paragraph)


Overview ya’ni sharhda biz 3 dona grafaning muxim xususiyatlarini topdik va ular haqida umumiy fikrlarimizni aytib o’tdik. Inshoning birinchi va ikkinchi tana qismlarida endi ko’rsatib o’tilgan muxim xususiyatlar haqida batafsil ma’lumotlar berib o’tamiz.

Namuna:
Burglaries started at just below three and a half thousand in 2003 and apart from a small rise of around five hundred offences in 2004, fell drastically to just over one thousand incidents in 2008. 2009 saw a slight rise to just below fifteen hundred in 2009 and it remained in and around this figure until the end of the time period. 
From 2003 to 2008 the number of car thefts shifted between just below two thousand five hundred and just over two thousand, before rising steadily to nearly three thousand in 2013. Over the entire period robbery never rose above one thousand and did not go under five hundred.


4 – Qism (Check your work)

Oxirgi to’rtinchi qismda endi yozgan inshoyimizni tekshirib chiqamiz. Bu yuqorida aytib o’tilganidek juda ham muxim nutqa. Sababi, siz inshoni tekshirish orqali grammatik, imlo yoki tinish belgilaridagi yo’l qo’yilgan xatoliklarni to’g’irlashingiz mumkin


Line Graph ning reja tuzilmasi


Introduction

• 
  paraphrasing the question
  
• 
  overview
  

burglary fell
car theft increased
robbery remained steady