20. X-rays
Vintage engraving of a scene from the Boer War,
wounded from the front, locating a Mauser bullet
be X-Ray in a London Hospital. The Graphic, 1900
(Image credit: duncan1890 via Getty Images)
Like many famous inventions, the X-ray was discovered by accident. In 1895, German
engineer and physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen was undertaking a two-month study into
the potential of radiation. In an experiment testing whether cathode rays could pass
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through glass, he noticed that the radiation was able to pass through screens of
considerable thickness, leaving a shadow of solid objects. He soon discovered that X-
rays could pass through human tissues to show a clear picture of the skeleton and
organs. A year later, a group of physicians took the earliest X-rays on patients. These
observations led to the development of radiology as we know it today and has since
helped medical professionals diagnose broken bones, tumors, organ failures and more.
Editor's Note: This story was updated to correct the location of Edison's lab. It was Menlo
Park, New Jersey, not Menlo Park, California.
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Jessica is a former staff writer for History of Royals and All About History magazines. She
has both a Bachelor and Master's degree in History from the University of Winchester,
with dissertations on 'The Power of Dress' in the French court between the mid-sixteenth
to eighteenth centuries, and 'Abdicating Queens': an analysis of the contemporary and
modern images of Juana la Loca, Mary, Queen of Scots and Christina, Queen of
Sweden.'
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