Introduction
15
the genre:
Tale of Flowering Fortunes
and
The Great Mirror
.
38
By making
allowances for additional Heian
Mirrors
and a handful of later composi-
tions, Haga essentially creates a set of “historical tales” defined by sup-
posed Heian origins. He then argues that their worth is in how they “re-
late history in the National Language in contrast to histories in Classical
Chinese.”
39
While this emphasis on the Heian origins and use of
wabun
are critical to his position, it is a move that obscures the very real differ-
ences between
Flowering Fortunes
and
The Great Mirror
, the two alleg-
edly founding works of the “historical tales” genre.
Although Haga’s formulation may have represented an extreme, in
the version of Japanese literary history that he and similar thinkers helped
create, once the age of court-centered Heian tales has passed, Japan ar-
rives at the age of the so-called
gunki monogatari
(war tale), also a recently
posited category that in turn, has come to occupy pride of place within
medieval literary prose studies. This narrative of literary and stylistic de-
velopment requires a commitment to progress through a succession of
genres from court-centered narratives to war tales, which has implications
for why the Kamakura
Mirrors
and the Muromachi-period
Mirror of the
Gods
have been largely elided from any discussion of
Mirror
writing. In-
stead, the focus has often been on the idea of the rise of the warrior and
warrior literature. The idea of the war tale’s genesis has been neatly tied
to the tenth-century
Masakado Chronicle
(mentioned above), the work
that recounts Masakado’s rebellion, with that unsuccessful uprising hav-
ing been characterized as “the advent of an era: the coming of age of the
order of professional fighting men in the capital and countryside that
we know as the
bushi
or
samurai
.”
40
The most famous “war tale,”
Heike
38. This discussion of Haga and the historical tale is based on Fukuda, “Rekishi
monogatari no han’i to keiretsu (jō)” and “Rekishi monogatari no han’i to keiretsu
(ge).” Fukuda is arguing for a broader category of “historical tale.” Watanabe points out
that Haga did not believe
Flowering Fortunes
to be the work of Akazome Emon (“Bur-
ied Mothers,” 98–101).
39. Quoted in Fukuda, “Rekishi monogatari no han’i to keiretsu (jō),” 26. For the
original, see Haga, “Rekishi monogatari to sono genryū,” 293.
40. Rabinovitch observes, “
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