20
Introduction
which sources are appropriate for which fields.
50
I am also motivated by
newer scholarship in Japan that pays serious attention to the ways in which
historical writing in general is constructed and offers myriad examples of
how factually derived materials, imagery, and rhetoric could all be ma-
nipulated in the medieval context to adhere to or advance particular
agendas or perspectives.
51
Although there is no perfect recovery of a twelfth- or thirteenth-
century mode of reading or reception, doing away with retroactively
posited genres of “historical” or “war” tales or ideas of language as the
decisive factor in determining whether a work belongs to a particular
category of analysis allows an approach to the
Mirrors
that is closer to tak-
ing them on their own terms. This enables an understanding of medieval
historiographic writing that is not just about chronicles versus tales,
court versus warrior, or even Japan versus China. It instead uncovers an
alternative version of the historiographic landscape, one in which cosmo-
logical histories form a powerful third option for early medieval writers
attempting to order the world around them.
Japan’s (Mostly) Heian and Kamakura
Mirrors
as a Genre
Treating the
Mirrors
that are the focus of this book as their own genre
enables the assemblage of texts not traditionally grouped together, reveal-
ing patterns suggesting that medieval categories of thought transcended
the linguistic or disciplinary divides that often shape scholarship today.
Once again, in chronological order, these works, which were produced
during a period that corresponds roughly to the life span of Japan’s first
50. In thinking through these questions, my work has particularly been inspired
by the scholarship of David Lurie, Chino Kaori, Ivo Smits, Thomas LaMarre, David
Bialock, and Elizabeth Oyler. I defer further discussion of these authors’ particular
works until the relevant portions of this book.
51. One work that has been instructive in this regard is Saeki Shin’ichi, ed.,
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