56
New Reflections
though, are the four stories (tales 6, 10, 17, and 18) that hint at how social
disorder is perceived in the text, in terms of both its origins and impacts.
Even though these tales constitute a small subset of the twenty-seven tales,
because each of the four features elaborations on one or more aspects of
war not found in the putative Chinese source texts, they are presumably
suggestive of a type of information believed to speak to contemporary
Japanese readers—who, in all likelihood, inhabited a post-H
ō
gen and
Heiji world.
71
Three of the four tales (6, 17, and 18)
feature expanded material
about the origins of military conflict, with editorial interventions in tale
6 that emphasize the role of passion as leading to war and in tale 17 that
achieve a heightened narrative presence for social disorder. Nonetheless,
it is tales 18 and 10 that offer the most fruitful examinations of large-
scale instability.
72
Tale 18, “The Tale of Emperor Xuanzong [685–762] and Yang Guifei
[719–56],” explains explicitly, and in ways that are suggestive of recent
Japanese events, what can cause the world to fall into disorder.
73
Although
much of the story is devoted to the famous love between the emperor and
his consort and the emperor’s inability to recover from her death, the scene
that leads up to her execution provides a summary of how the situation
has become so dire:
While the months and years thus went by, Minister of the Right Yang
Guozhong [died 756], as the elder brother of Yang Guifei, came to hold
the reins of government. Nevertheless, as the many ways in which he went
71. I am not the first person to suggest such resonances. See, for instance, Komine,
cited in Morishita, “‘Kara monogatari’ no shinshō sekai,” 29. Komine sees this primar-
ily in terms of events connected to Shigenori’s life (specifically, his post-Heiji exile),
notwithstanding his general observation on the importance of war as a motif (cited by
Morishita). See Komine, “
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