Allmark-Kent 49
hunting of beavers
shaped the colonization of Canada: “Without the fur trade
there would have been no stimulus of competition to search out new lands, and
without the profits to underwrite the voyages there
would have been no means
to carry o
ut the search” (52). The ironies of Canada’s material and imaginative
use of animals may best be understood through the beaver:
The rodent is Canada’s national animal not because of its earnest
industry, but because its pelt was a valuable commodity. When
Canadians celebrate the beaver then, they are
celebrating the fur trade
—
and its mass slaughter of wildlife in the name of fashion. (Loo 3)
Of course, animals everywhere are used materially and imaginatively in
confusing and contradictory ways but, as the beaver demonstrates, this
dynamic seems to be exaggerated in Canada. The ambivalence of such
attitudes is illustrated again by Atwood.
She imagines the fur trade from “the
animal point of view” and concludes that, from this perspective, “Canadians are
as bad as the slave trade or the Inquisition” (79). She then contrasts this with
seemingly contradictory attempts to protect wildlife:
“in Canada it is
the nation
as a whole
that joins in animal-salvation campaigns such as the protest over the
slaughter of baby seals and the movement to protect the wolf” (79, emphasis
added). Again, we see here a claim made on behalf of the nation, but whether
accurate or otherwise, she interestingly asserts that anyone would be
“mistaken” to see this as “national guilt,” since “it is much more likely that
Canadians themselves feel threatened and nearly extinct as a nation” (79).
Again, she does not fully explain why this
is the case, but such a complicated
displacement of anxiety and concern seems unlikely to me. Instead, using Neil
S. Forkey’s arguments in
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