Tili, adabiyoti va folklori instituti, alisher navoiy nomidagi davlat adabiyot muzeyi, urganch davlat universiteti

FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR 

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The Issue Of Lyric Heroism In Children's Poetry
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LINGUACULTURAL PECULIARITIES OF RELIGIOUS 
PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN THE ENGLISH AND UZBEK 
LANGUAGES IN TRANSLATION. 
Shirin SHERALIYEVA, 
Teacher, Uzbekistan state university of world languages.
 
Abstract.
This article examines linguacultural peculiarities of religious 
phraseological units in the English and Uzbek languages in translation. Several 
works of scientists on this topic have been investigated. The views of various 
scholars on the concept have been cited as examples.
Key words: 
religion; culture; phraseological units; religious phraseological 
units; linguacultural; translation. 
It is known that translation is a unique moral, cultural and spiritual wealth 
and activity of mankind. This goes back to ancient history. Translation has always 
played an important role in the history of the culture of nations and in the world 
culture in general. 
Today, translation activity has gained an unprecedented scale due to the 
expansion of international relations. This situation allows some foreign authors 
writing about the role of translation to call our century the concept of “the era of 
translation”. Currently, this interest has increased with a new force, and there is a 
need to systematize and generalize the results of scientific research collected in this 
regard. 
In modern philology, a new theoretical field of science began to develop as a 
special science of translation called “the theory of translation” and “the science of 
translation studies”. In addition to the names mentioned above, special terms have 
been created in English to more accurately define this field of philological science 

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– “the translation studies”. The existence of these terms and concepts indicates that 
a certain field of science, only translation, has its own status in the field of issues. 
Naturally, the role of language in translation is the same as it has always been – it 
is the most important means of human communication. The art of translation is as 
old as written literature, because the translation is done etymologically. As stated 
Ya.I. Retsker, “translation is the act of interpreting the meaning of a text and its 
subsequent production or an equivalent text that conveys the same message in 
another language” [7]. 
The English poet and translator John Dryden wrote: “When words ... appear 
beautifully literally, the author should not be in a hurry to change them. Because... 
what is beautiful in one language can often become wild and sometimes 
meaningless when translated into another language, so it would be unreasonable to 
limit the translator to the narrow compass of the words of his author: if he chooses 
such an expression, it is enough, do not spoil the meaning” [1;44]. 
The special place of translation in society is well described in an essay 
published by Ignacy Krasicki in 1803: “Translation... is a precious and very 
complicated art, which is not really a part of labor and intelligence; It should be 
used by those who are able to be actors themselves, who have benefited more from 
translating the works of others than from their own works, and who use the 
services they render to their country even higher than fame” [3; 20]. From the point 
of view of E.A. Nida: “Translation consists in creating the closest natural 
equivalent of the message in the target language in the source language, firstly, in 
terms of meaning, and secondly, in terms of style” [4; 19]. 
According to V. N. Komissarov, “the process of translation is changing, 
moving from formal interlanguage changes to the field of conceptual interactions. 
Many people think that translation is a simple task and believe that the translator 
only needs to replace words in the source text with equivalent words in the target 
text. However, this is not the case, as some expressions do not make sense when 
translated literally. Translation is a very complex process that must take into 
account many factors, such as the genre and style of the original text, the 
translator's skills, the time allocated for the project, etc. Like any other translation, 
it should convey the meaning and tone of the original language” [2]. We 
completely support the author’s opinion, because the context should have the same 
denotative and connotative meaning, that is, there should be no differences 
between the relevant contexts in terms of semantic content, stylistic meaning, 
metaphor and emotional-expressive color. The translator should know not only the 
translation, but also the meaning of the given word. Because every nation has its 
own figurative words, its own humor, its own history, its own traditions, value, 
religious belief, mentality, national character, its own source of wisdom and 
culture. Examples taken from Abdulla Qadiri's novel “O’tkan kunlar” can be a 
clear proof of this statement. 
As we know, at the beginning of 2019, by the initiative of Lola Karimova-
Tillyaeva, Chairman of “You are not alone” and the Board of Trustees of the 

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Republican Public Charitable Foundation named after I. Karimov, the novel 
“O’tkan kunlar” was published in Uzbek and English languages. 
This work, considered the first example of the Uzbek national novel school, 
was translated by the British specialist in study of literature Carol Ermakova and 
this translation is the second translation into English. In 2019, American 
culturologist Mark Edward Reese translated this novel into English under the title 
“Bygone Days”. 
The presence of religious phraseological units gives the language vitality, 
beauty and flexibility. Such phraseological units, in addition to a certain semantic 
content, form many expressive and stylistic shades that make the speech vivid and 
emotionally rich. As we mentioned above, the novel was translated into English by 
an English translator, so the task of the translator is to give the meaning of 
religious phraseological units in English and Uzbek, as well as express their 
figurativeness and expressiveness. Even if the translator deals with a 
phraseological unit whose image has been removed to some extent, he must try to 
convey this image in the translation. 
 
Translation of religious phraseological units poses great difficulties for the 
translator because there is often a risk of mistaking a phraseological unit for a free 
combination of words or misinterpreting its meaning due to the nature of the 
image. In the process of researching how translation can be used in public life, 
A.D. Schweitzer came to the following conclusion: 
closely related from one language to other related languages; 
from one literary language to its dialect or vice versa; 
from the ancient form of the language to the current state of the same 
language [8]. 
There are always two texts in a translation. The first is the original text 
created independently of the other, the second text is created based on the first 
using certain operations – interlingual transformations. The first text is called the 
original text, and the second is called the translated text. The language in which the 
original text is written is called the source language, and the translated language is 
called the target language. 
Religious phraseological units are important in human communication. They 
have a significant expressive effect, because they affect a person's feelings, his 
aesthetic perception, and his literary and cultural unity. When the author of the 
original text uses a religious phraseological unit, the translator should try to 
reproduce it as accurately as possible. 
In Abdulla Qadiri’s novel “O’tkan kunlar”, we can see that the writer 
expressed the national and cultural characteristics of the Uzbek people through 
religious phraseological units. The writer reflected them in his own way. 
Analyzing the translation of this work into English, we pay attention to how 
religious phraseological units are expressed in the process of translation. In the 
third chapter of the work entitled “Zimnan adovat”
 
we can see the following 
religious phraseological unit: 
ўзб.:

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