QAZANIB VƏ 11 MİLYON İŞ YERİ YARADIB
MOBİL SƏNAYE 2014-CÜ İLDƏ 3.3 TRİLYON DOLLAR
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The book discusses events that take place mainly
after WWII. The main theme of the novel is love. This
includes love between two lovers and love between a
sister and a brother.
The novel starts with the funeral ceremony. The
narrator of the funeral, so far unknown to the reader, is
a divorced woman with a small child. The name of the
narrator is Kate Malone. She describes the funeral
ceremony, her brother Charlie, how he failed to come
and see their mother in her last days, Charlie's regret
and his appearance at the funeral. Then the narrator
speaks about a lady who is standing to the side and
gazing at them from a distance. Later when the funeral
ceremony ends, that woman starts to make continuous
calls to Kate. The name that unidentified woman is
Sara Smythe. Sara writes a letter to Kate asking her to
meet with Sara. Later Sara gives a book to Kate for her
to read and find out what connections they have. When
Kate sees that the book is covered with pictures of
herself and her brother Charlie, she realizes that she
should read the entire book.
With this, part two of this book starts under the
name of Sara. Part two and Part three are narrated by
Sara Smythe. Part four with the title Kate turns out to
be narrated by Kate, describing the effects of the
manuscript that Sara has given to her to read. She
returns the book later.
The main theme of the novel is love. The book
describes a lady named Sara Smythe and her brother
Eric. Later “Manhattan Thanksgiving Party 1945”
describes Eric's party at his apartment. His sister Sara
is a free woman and participates in the party. She meets
Jack Malone, a young US Army journalist. They get to
know each other at the party and spend the night
together. They get to know each other deeply and they
have a love affair. This is Sara's first love in her life.
Jack speaks a bit about his childhood. They exchange
their childhood memories. Then Jack has to leave for
Germany the next morning. He promises to return the
st
next year on September 1 . Jack asks Sara to write him
and promises that he will write too. Sara sees Jack off.
There Jack again promises her his return. Later Sara
goes to her brother's apartment. Sara tells everything to
Eric. His brother calls her a fool. Sara, stunned by her
brother's reaction, still believes that Eric doesn't
understand the seriousness of the affair. Sara never
stops writing to Jack, until finally she receives no
answer from Jack. She continuously writes to him.
After a long time Sara receives a letter from Jack
telling her “I'm sorry.” She tears up the letter in anger.
After Sara has written so many letters to Jack, and after
a long silence, Jack has only written a few words to her
asking her to pardon him. She stops writing to Jack.
Sara tells everything to Eric. Eric again considers
Jack his sister's mistake. Sara works as a writer at
Saturday Night/ Sunday Morning. Sara decides to start
a new life. Later she marries a man named George Grey
from a wealthy family. For this marriage Sara leaves
her job, moves to another city, and decides to become a
housewife. Unfortunately the marriage turns out to be
unsuccessful and it ends in a more desperate life for
Sara. She will never, ever become a mother again. She
has a baby during the marriage and she loses the baby
in the first trimester. The doctor in the hospital informs
Sara about the news. Sara decides to terminate her
marriage with George. This is not because of the loss of
the baby, but because of George's mother.
Having found his sister at the hospital, Eric takes
her to his apartment and arranges a place somewhere in
the village for Sara to have a rest. Sara gets to know a
woman named Ruth with a big family. The days pass
62
Jamala Mammadova
Major Programs Coordinator, Khazar University, Azerbaijan
BOOK REVIEW
TRAGIC LOVE: A REVIEW OF THE PURSUIT OF
HAPPINESS BY DOUGLAS KENNEDY
Book: Kennedy, Douglas (2001). The Pursuit of Happiness
| XƏZƏR XƏBƏR JURNAL
quietly for Sara. She never forgets Jack, her only lover.
Finally she takes her typewriter and writes her own
story of how she met Jack, how it all happened and how
she ended up getting married and divorced. Having
finished it, she puts it into an envelope and sends it to
Eric. But Sara receives no answer from Eric. When
Sara returns, Eric informs her that her paper has
already been accepted at Saturday Night/ Sunday
Morning. This story becomes popular and actually
Sara becomes famous because of it. She continues her
writing through the newspaper.
After the divorce she gets a big sum of money from
George's family. She promises never to get married
again officially. Because of the damage of the
marriage, George's family should pay her money until
the end of her lifetime. Sara decides to get all this
money at once. She gets it. She buys a nice apartment
for herself and she stores the rest of the money in her
bank account.
After several years Sara meets Jack, his wife
Dorothy and their three and a half year old son Charlie
in Central Park. From then on Jack makes telephone
calls and writes a letter to Sara trying to explain what
had happened. They meet and Jack gives an
explanation that Dorothy was Jack's friend before Sara.
When Jack was planning to write Sara, he got a letter
from Dorothy informing Jack that she was pregnant.
Facing this fact, Jack decided to marry Dorothy and
sent a letter to Sara pleading her to forgive him with the
few words “I'm sorry.”
Later Jack and Sara almost live together. But Jack
never divorces Dorothy. Later Jack tells Dorothy the
history of himself and Sara. Dorothy decides to do
nothing.
Sara's brother Eric discovers his sister's renewed
affair with Jack. At first, he is frustrated. He blames his
sister for not having told him. Later, he pardons Sara.
In the plot, Jack and Eric don't like each other.
Notwithstanding, they try to get along because of Sara.
When everything is going smoothly, the FBI unveils
the fact that Eric is a former communist. Someone has
named Eric's name. All the tragedy starts here. They
ask Eric to name some names from the Communist
Party as well. In response, Eric refuses to tell anything.
That ends with a devastating blow for Eric. He gets
fired, and following the case Sara almost gets fired as
well. The newspapers soon appear with flash news
about Eric's becoming a former member of a
Communist Party. Eric falls into depression. He
doesn't want to see anyone, even his sister. He drinks a
lot and finally one day he is found dead in the hotel
room where he was living his last days. The reason of
for his death is too much alcohol connected to
desperate loss and malnutrition.
The funeral is organized. Only a few people
appear. Jack is always with Sara.
After the funeral, a lawyer informs Sara about the
news that shatters her life right after her brother's
death. The person who turned in Eric's name was Jack
Malone.
That very news destroys her life completely. When
Jack comes back home, she tells him everything. Jack
confesses everything and says that he is deeply sorry.
Sara accepts no excuses and leaves the city. Despite
how desperately Jack cries, she leaves him and asks her
lawyer neither to tell anyone where she is, nor to send
her any of Jack's letters. The lawyer does as she asks.
After ending up with Jack, in a medical test done
by the doctor Sara discovers that she is pregnant.
Unfortunately in the second trimester, around 5
months, Sara loses her baby again. She is stressed now.
Desperate and alone after her brother's tragedy and
after Jack's betrayal of her and Eric, now her loss of
another baby brings her to a complete loss.
After 4 years, she returns to her home. She meets
with Jack. Jack asks for forgiveness. Jack has another
child named Kate by his wife. Jack is looking sickly.
He has lost much weight. Sara says silently to him: 'I
forgive you.' Jack leaves and promises that he will
return in a few days. He has to leave for Boston. Jack
promises to call Sara. But he doesn't. Sara receives a
letter from Jack:
I'm still here. It should be over soon.
I love you.
Jack. (pp.520)
Sara never hears from him again. Another week
later she notices headlines in the newspapers about
Jack Malone's death. It turns out that after Sara left
63
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64 | XƏZƏR XƏBƏR JURNAL
him, he ended up with leukemia. Sara was unaware of
that because she never opened Jack's letters to her and
threw them away without reading them.
Having punished Jack for his betrayal of Eric, now
Sara feels guilty. She cannot reconcile with the loss of
Jack. She punished Jack for 4 years by keeping him
apart from herself. In the end, Jack vanishes from her
life forever like her brother Eric.
Sara meets with Jack's sister, who retells
everything that happened since Sara left Jack. Jack was
feeling guilty. He loved Sara and suffered from having
betrayed Eric and Sara. Jack suffered the loss of Sara.
He was fired from work and after a long period of grief
he ended up with leukemia which ended his life
forever.
Sara receives some amount of money after her
brother's death. As the only survivor of his family, Sara
owns the money. After Jack's death, Sara meets with
Jack's wife Dorothy and invests the money in their
children's' future. Jack and Dorothy have two kids-
Charlie, a boy; and Kate, a girl. Dorothy accepts the
money on the condition that Sara never approaches the
kids until Dorothy's death. Sara agrees. She funds the
money and never approaches the kids.
Here Sara's story ends and section Four describes
Kate having read all these stories. In that section the
reader learns that the funeral ceremony taking place in
the beginning of the book is Dorothy's. The unknown
woman gazing at Kate is Sara.
The novel ends with Kate playing with her son
Ethan. This demonstrates once more the uneasiness of
life as the burden continues.
The novel is a real love tragedy. Not only Sara and
Jack's love, but also Sara and Eric's love is portrayed as
taking priority in the novel. Towards the end, Sara's
love for her brother triumphs over her love for Jack.
But in the end, the reader understands her regret over
Jack's death. She has lost both her brother and her
lover, and also two babies. Sara sacrifices her love
because of her love to her brother. Sara somehow
punishes Jack with his death because of Eric's betrayal.
All these events result in a fatal end.
In the novel, the author raises the dignity of
womanhood to its peak with his main character Sara.
On the other hand, the author creates the image of
Dorothy- the woman who reconciles with her fate that
her husband doesn't love her. However, towards the
end of the novel, the author unveils the fact that
Dorothy has not reconciled with the fact; on the
contrary, she is unforgiving towards Sara and Jack
sometimes. This struggle within Dorothy never ends. It
is more visible by the end of the novel, after Jack's
death.
Not only the dignity of womanhood, but also the
dignity of manhood shown in the novel is true in the
character of Eric. Even knowing the fatality that he
might face, he doesn't name names and refuses such an
act. He never betrays anyone knowing that this is the
very end for himself.
On the other hand, through the image of Jack, the
author creates a man who cannot reconcile with his
own fate and is ready to name names, even if this name
is his lover's brother. Even if it means destroying the
lives of individuals, he is ready to save his life and
sacrifice others.
This act is unforgettable for Sara. She cannot
forgive Jack because of his betrayal of Eric. She
punishes Jack for 4 years. But the death of Jack adds a
new value to their love. Sara somehow confesses her
mistake of judging him cruelly and therefore leaves the
amount of money for his children's future. With this
act, Sara tries to somehow compensate the grief and
torture that she's created for Jack and herself.
Nonetheless in the end, the author somehow sends
a message through the words of the main character that
having a sense of forgiveness can bring happiness to a
person. Because of Sara's punishment, both parties
suffer in the novel. Does Sara behave correctly? Who
knows?
In the novel Sara suffers alone with her difficulties.
Having left Jack, she strives not to lose her baby. Life
has given her one more chance. However, that chance
soon turns out not to be a real chance and she loses her
baby for the second time.
The images of Eric and Jack contradict each other
in different terms. Eric is a man of his word, and cannot
perform any act of betrayal, but in fact he is
homosexual. On the other hand, Jack is a man who has
a family and children, who can be considered “normal”
according to social rules. However, he betrays people.
He betrays his wife with his lover and his lover by
turning in her brother's name.
In this novel the author compares and contrasts two
men with each other. To this end, one may easily come
to the conclusion that the author creates a better image
for Eric, who is homosexual, and a worse image for
Jack, who is socially “acceptable.” In doing this, the
author somehow elevates Eric, and on the other hand,
lessens Jack's image with his betrayal in the eyes of the
readers.
To conclude, the message of the author to the
readers is not to label people due to their social
belongings, but due to their intrapersonal
characteristics. Despite the fact that Eric is a
homosexual, but he is a real man who appreciates his
own death rather than betraying others. However, Jack
is ready to betray his family, lovers and friends.
The novel is a clear proof of the uneasiness of life.
The novel deals with a woman who is alone and
struggling against all sorts of problems by herself.
And yet, this struggle does not end. As Sara says in the
novel: my sadness and grief will never end; it will end
with me and no one will ever know it after me.
65
Nazirlikdən APA-ya verilən məlumata görə, qurum
CNN telekanalı ilə 2006-cı ildən əməkdaşlığa başlayıb
və 2012-ci ildən etibarən televiziya kanalı ilə planlı
şəkildə birgə fəaliyyəti uğurla davam etdirilir: “Mə-
dəniyyət və Turizm Nazirliyi və CNN televiziya kanalı
arasında əməkdaşlıq çərçivəsində həmin kanalda
ölkəmizə həsr olunmuş müvafiq videoçarxların, ha-
belə verilişlərin hazırlanması və digər tədbirlərin həya-
ta keçirilməsi nəzərdə tutulub. Bu müddət ərzində
Azərbaycana həsr olunan iki videoçarx hazırlanıb və
həmin çarxlar nümayiş etdirilib. Həmçinin, CNN-in
məşhur "Eye on" verilişinin Azərbaycana həsr olun-
ması, habelə atoz.az saytının yaradılması da təmin
edilib”.
Nazirlikdən əlavə ediblər ki, əməkdaşlıq çərçivə-
sində Davos şəhərində keçirilən Dünya İqtisadi Foru-
mu zamanı CNN televiziya kanalının müxbiri Richard
Quest Azərbaycanın iqtisadi inkişafı mövzusunda
prezident İlham Əliyevdən müsahibə götürüb.
Qeyd edək ki, CNN telekanalını gün ərzində 182
milyon tamaşaçı izləyir. Nazirlik telekanalla əməkdaş-
lığı bu il də də davam etdirəcək.
CNN telekanalı Mədəniyyət və Turizm Nazirliyi ilə əməkdaşlığı çərçivəsində Azərbaycanın turizm
imkanlarına həsr olunan 1 dəqiqəlik və 45 saniyəlik videoçarxlar nümayiş etdirir
TELEKANALI AZƏRBAYCANIN TURİZM
İMKANLARINA HƏSR OLUNAN
VİDEOÇARXLAR NÜMAYİŞ ETDİRİR
TURİZM
Reytinqdə Avropanın müxtəlif ölkələrinin ikilikdə
romantik uik-end üçün münasib olan 20 şəhəri yer alıb.
Avropanın sevgililər üçün cəlbedici şəhərləri ara-
sında Bakının da adı çəkilib. Məlumatda deyilir ki,
Azərbaycanın paytaxtı özündə gəzməli-görməli ultra-
müasir yerlər ilə Orta əsrlərə məxsus gözəlliyi birləşdi-
rir. Romantik tarixçəsi olan Qız qalası Bakının ən
maraqlı yerlərindən biridir. Onun baxış meydançasın-
dan Xəzər dənizi və şəhərin xeyli hissəsi görünür. Gə-
zib-dolaşmalı digər maraqlı yerlər Şirvanşahlar sarayı,
səs-küylü bazar, milli kafe və restoranlardır.
Reytinqə Riqa, İstanbul, Lyublyana, Tallinn, Praqa,
Vyana və digər şəhərlər daxil olub.
Turistlər üçün “Travel.ru” portalı yanvarın 28-də səyahət etməyə məsləhət
görülən Avropa şəhərlərinin reytinqini açıqlayıb
BAKI ROMANTİK UİK-END ÜÇÜN
MÜNASİB OLAN ŞƏHƏRLƏRİN REYTİNQİNDƏ YER ALIB
Fevralın 12-də AMEA Folklor İnstitutunda institut ilə Mədəniyyət və Turizm Nazirliyinin Mədəniyyətşünaslıq
üzrə Elmi-Metodik Mərkəzi arasında folklor turizminin inkişafı ilə bağlı əməkdaşlıq memorandumu imzala-
nıb.Memorandumda ölkədə folklor turizminin inkişafı, qeyri-maddi mədəni irs nümunələrinin qorunması və təbli-
ği üzrə birgə tədbirlərin həyata keçirilməsi nəzərdə tutulub.
FOLKLOR TURİZMİNİN İNKİŞAFI İLƏ BAĞLI
ƏMƏKDAŞLIQ MEMORANDUMU İMZALANIB
XƏZƏR XƏBƏR JURNAL |
66
В статье исследуются произведения извест-
ного ученого - тюрколога и литературоведа Ах-
меда Джафароглу об Азербайджанском фолькло-
ре – “75 Aserbaidschanische Lieder “Bayaty” in der
Mundart von Gandscha nebst einer sprachlichen
Erklarung” (“75 Азербайджанские баяты на
Гянджинском диалекте с предисловием о языке”),
опубликованный в Берлине в 1930 году отдельной
брошюрой и “La Canzone del “Sayagi” nella lette-
ratura popolare dell′ Azerbaigian” (“Песни саячы в
Азербайджанском народном творчестве”), опуб-
ликованный в Италии в сборнике “Annali del Regoi
İnstituto Superiore Orientale di Napoli” (IX,
Dicembre 1936-XV).
Данные произведения рассмаатриваются
автором в контексте многогранной творческой
деятельности Ахмеда Джафароглу и оценива-
ются как весомый вклад великого ученого в евро-
пейской тюркологической науки.
Ключевые слова:
Ахмед Джафероглы, Азер-
байджанский фольклор, баяты, песня саячы
This article makes an attempt for the first time to
study the works of Jafaroghlu about Azerbaijani
folklore published in Germany, “75 Aserbaidscha-
nische Lieder 'Bayaty' in der Mundart von Gandscha
nebst einer sprachlichen Erklarung” (An introduc-
tion to 75 Azeri bayatis in the Ganja dialect and their
language analysis), and in Italy, “La Canzone del
'Sayagi' nella letteratura popolare dell′ Azerbaigian”
(Counting Songs in Azerbaijani Folk Literature).
Neither Azerbaijani nor Turkish scholars have sub-
jected these articles of Jafaroghlu to investigation
while studying his creative heritage. While studying
these articles it has been taken into account that they
were addressed to the European scholarly public, and
the ideas and considerations in them have been clari-
fied in the context of Azerbaijani folklore studies. The
article also focuses attention on some mistakes Jafa-
roghlu's inferences.
Key words:
Jafaroghlu (Ahmed Caferoğlu,
Ahmed Caferoglu), Azerbaijani folklore, bayati, “sa-
yachi” songs
Ahmad Jafaroghlu (1899-1975) was one of the
migrant Azerbaijani scholars who lived and worked in
Turkey. In April of 1920, when the Russian Soviet
Army occupied Azerbaijan, Jafaroghlu, a student of
Baku State University, emigrated to Turkey and
continued his studies there. He was afraid of
repression because in September of 1918 he had
fought in the ranks of the Caucasian Islamic Army
under the command of the Turkish general Nuru in the
liberation of Baku from the Dashnak-Bolshevik
occupation; therefore he was obliged to migrate to
Turkey.
After Turkey he left for Germany, completed his
studies there and gained experience as a Turkologist.
He wrote his works in German, French, Italian, and
Polish and soon became recognized in Europe and in
the world as a highly-qualified Turkologist. He is the
only scholar who tried his hand in all spheres of
Turkic studies. He represented Turkey in a number of
international institutions and was elected an honorary
member of many foreign academies. His works have
not lost their significance and relevance today, either.
They are still re-published in Turkey, Iran and Europe.
The works of Jafaroghlu on Azerbaijani folklore
and literature published in Europe in German and
Italian as well as his articles in the newspaper
“Ankara” in French form the most important part of
his literary heritage in the sphere of literary criticism.
After the publication of his voluminous article “Die
moderne aserbaidschanische Literatur” (Modern
Azerbaijani Literature (1; 2; 3;) and his thorough
Altuntaj Mammadova
Dunya School instructor
(Azerbaijan, Baku)
PUBLICATIONS OF
AHMAD JAFAROGHLU
ABOUT THE FOLKLORE
OF AZERBAIJAN IN EUROPE
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